The components of a SPD: Difference between revisions

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<br>[[Image:Fig J45.jpg|left]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>'''''Fig. J48:''' Diagram of a SPD''  
[[File:Fig J45.jpg|none]]
'''''Fig. J48:''' Diagram of a SPD''  




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<br>
<br>


{| style="width: 795px; height: 157px" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="795" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 795px; height: 157px" width="795"
|-
|-
| valign="top" bgcolor="#0099cc" | '''Component'''
! Component  
| valign="top" bgcolor="#0099cc" | '''Gas Discharge Tube (GDT)'''
! Gas Discharge Tube (GDT)  
| valign="top" bgcolor="#0099cc" | '''Encapsulated spark gap'''
! Encapsulated spark gap  
| valign="top" bgcolor="#0099cc" | '''Zinc oxide varistor'''&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
! Zinc oxide varistor&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
| valign="top" bgcolor="#0099cc" | '''GDT and varistor in series'''&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
! GDT and varistor in series&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  
| valign="top" bgcolor="#0099cc" | '''Encapsulated spark gap and varistor in parallel'''
! Encapsulated spark gap and varistor in parallel
|-
|-
| valign="top" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''Characteristics'''  
| {{Table_HC2}} | '''Characteristics'''  
| bgcolor="#0099cc" | &nbsp;  
! &nbsp;  
| bgcolor="#0099cc" | &nbsp;  
! &nbsp;  
| bgcolor="#0099cc" | &nbsp;  
! &nbsp;  
| bgcolor="#0099cc" | &nbsp;  
! &nbsp;  
| bgcolor="#0099cc" | &nbsp;
! &nbsp;
|-
|-
| bgcolor="#cccccc" | &nbsp;  
| {{Table_HC2}} | &nbsp;  
| valign="middle" | [[Image:Fig J46a.jpg|center|59x128px]]&nbsp;  
| valign="middle" | [[File:Fig J46a.jpg|center|59x128px]]&nbsp;  
| valign="middle" | [[Image:Fig J46b.jpg|center|59x123px]]&nbsp;  
| valign="middle" | [[File:Fig J46b.jpg|center|59x123px]]&nbsp;  
| [[Image:Fig J46c.jpg|center]]  
| [[File:Fig J46c.jpg|center]]  
| [[Image:Fig J46d.jpg|center|39x139px]]  
| [[File:Fig J46d.jpg|center|39x139px]]  
| [[Image:Fig J46e.jpg|center|146x150px]]
| [[File:Fig J46e.jpg|center|146x150px]]
|-
|-
| valign="top" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''Operating mode'''  
| {{Table_HC2}} | '''Operating mode'''  
| valign="top" | Voltage switching  
| Voltage switching  
| valign="top" | Voltage switching  
| Voltage switching  
| valign="top" | Voltage limiting  
| Voltage limiting  
| valign="top" | Voltage-switching and -limiting in series  
| Voltage-switching and -limiting in series  
| valign="top" | Voltage-switching and -limiting in parallel
| Voltage-switching and -limiting in parallel
|-
|-
| valign="top" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''Operating&nbsp;curves'''  
| {{Table_HC2}} | '''Operating&nbsp;curves'''  
| valign="middle" align="center" colspan="2" | [[Image:Fig J46f.jpg|center]]  
| valign="middle" align="center" colspan="2" | [[File:Fig J46f.jpg|center]]  
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Fig J46g.jpg|left]]  
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[File:Fig J46g.jpg|none]]
| bgcolor="#cccccc" | &nbsp;  
| {{Table_HC2}} | &nbsp;  
| bgcolor="#cccccc" | &nbsp;
| {{Table_HC2}} | &nbsp;
|-
|-
| valign="top" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''Application'''  
| {{Table_HC2}} | '''Application'''  
| valign="top" |  
|  
*Telecom network  
*Telecom network  
*LV network
*LV network
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(associated with varistor)
(associated with varistor)


| valign="top" | LV network  
| LV network  
| valign="top" | LV network  
| LV network  
| valign="top" | LV network  
| LV network  
| valign="top" | LV network
| LV network
|-
|-
| valign="top" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''SPD Type'''  
| {{Table_HC2}} | '''SPD Type'''  
| valign="top" | Type 2  
| Type 2  
| valign="top" | Type 1  
| Type 1  
| valign="top" | Type 1 ou Type 2  
| Type 1 ou Type 2  
| valign="top" | Type 1+ Type 2  
| Type 1+ Type 2  
| valign="top" | Type 1+ Type 2
| Type 1+ Type 2
|}
|}


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----
----


<br>[[Image:Fig J47.jpg|left]] <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>'''''Fig. J50:''' The Schneider Electric brand PRD SPD incorporates a gas discharge tube between neutral and earth and varistors between phase and neutral''  
[[File:Fig J47.jpg|none]]
'''''Fig. J50:''' The Schneider Electric brand PRD SPD incorporates a gas discharge tube between neutral and earth and varistors between phase and neutral''  


----
----


[[zh:浪涌保护器的部件]]
[[zh:浪涌保护器的部件]]

Revision as of 13:10, 15 November 2013


The SPD chiefly consists of (see Fig. J48):
1)  one or more nonlinear components: the live part (varistor, gas discharge tube, etc.);
2)  a thermal protective device (internal disconnector) which protects it from thermal runaway at end of life (SPD with varistor);
3)  an indicator which indicates end of life of the SPD;
Some SPDs allow remote reporting of this indication;
4)  an external SCPD which provides protection against short circuits (this device can be integrated into the SPD).


Fig J45.jpg

Fig. J48: Diagram of a SPD


Technology of the live part

Several technologies are available to implement the live part. They each have advantages and disadvantages:

  • Zener diodes;
  • The gas discharge tube (controlled or not controlled);
  • The varistor (zinc oxide varistor).

The table below shows the characteristics and the arrangements of 3 commonly used technologies.


Component Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) Encapsulated spark gap Zinc oxide varistor 
                                        		GDT and varistor in series               Encapsulated spark gap and varistor in parallel
Characteristics          
 
Fig J46a.jpg
 
Fig J46b.jpg
 
Fig J46c.jpg
Fig J46d.jpg
Fig J46e.jpg
Operating mode Voltage switching Voltage switching Voltage limiting Voltage-switching and -limiting in series Voltage-switching and -limiting in parallel
Operating curves
Fig J46f.jpg
Fig J46g.jpg
    
Application
  • Telecom network
  • LV network

(associated with varistor)

LV network LV network LV network LV network
SPD Type Type 2 Type 1 Type 1 ou Type 2 Type 1+ Type 2 Type 1+ Type 2

Fig. J49: Summary performance table

Note: Two technologies can be installed in the same SPD (see Fig. J50) 

Fig J47.jpg

Fig. J50: The Schneider Electric brand PRD SPD incorporates a gas discharge tube between neutral and earth and varistors between phase and neutral

zh:浪涌保护器的部件

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