Protection against electric shocks and electrical fires

Implementation of the TT system

• Principle
• Practical aspects

Implementation of the TN system

• Principle
• Preliminary conditions
• Earth-fault current calculation
• High fault current-loop impedance

Implementation of the IT system

• Principle
• Fault protection
• Implementation of protections
• Practical aspects

Residual Current Devices (RCDs)

• Description of RCDs
• Form factors of RCDs
• Types of RCDs
• Sensitivity of RCDs to disturbances
• Coordination of residual current protective devices

Other protective measures against electric shocks

• Extra Low Voltage (ELV)
• The electrical separation of circuits
• Class II equipment
• Out-of-arm’s reach or interposition of obstacles

Protection against electrical fire risks

• Fires of electrical origin
• Protection against fire due to earth faults
• Protection against arc faults in cables and connections (AFDD)
• Protection against electrical fire risks - synthesis